Approved Schools: Issues for the System
The cost of care and the question of success.
Industrial Schools
The Beginning of the Approved School System
How standards of staffing, training and physical conditions in schools for young offenders were improved over four decades.
A Brief History of Events and Trends from 1695 to 1969 in the Residential Care of Young Offenders in the UK
1695 August Hermann Francke (1663-1727) opened an orphan asylum at Halle in Germany, the first reformatory. 1706 Jean Baptiste de la Salle (1651-1719) started a boarding school at St. Yon, France, which evolved into a reformatory; several Roman Catholic approved schools are still run by the Brothers of St. Jean Baptiste de la Salle. 1735-1811 … Read more
‘The God Squad’ by Paddy Doyle
A classic – frightening and moving: the inside story about institutional life in Ireland
‘Nautical Training Ships: An Illustrated History’ by Phil Carradice
An important part of child care history which helped boys in need play a man’s role
‘Yesterday’s Naughty Children’ by Joan Rimmer
A History of the Liverpool Reformatory Association
Residential Care – The Early Years
The hopes, failures and achievements of the pioneers